Besides the seat itself, which others have correct said the comfort isn't just determine by how soft or hard the seat is, but also:
1. The actual ride quality and handling abilities of the car, both dependent upon several factors, such as:
- The vehicle type (SUVs will generally not handle as well as hatches and saloons which have a lower centre of gravity and possibly weigh less);
- The 'chassis' and suspension design, which can be in part dependent upon how the manufacturer believes it will be used, or in some cases, the suspension is tailored to a specific country (road quality), as well as cost or competence of designers;
- Some manufacturers compensate for not-so-good designs by firming up the suspension and fitting wider, low-profile tyres to get 'better' handling ability, but often at the expense of ride quality and the durability of the suspension parts.
2. The driving position, which is as much dependent upon the physical attributes of the driver (height, arm and leg reach, flexibility of the back, etc) and their preferences for how they sit (more upright or not) to get a good view of the road, as it is about the ergonomics of the seat, pedal / steering wheel position and how adjustable the latter is. With SUVs, for example, you often appear to need a more upright driving position than hatches and saloons
In my old 90s Micra, I experienced significant back problems but only after changing jobs, because I changed from a shortish (distance) local route at 30mph and less to a 20 mile route on much faster roads, including winding country lanes.
After spending quite a bit on chiropractors, a colleague gave me a copy of the 'seating ergonomics' part of his company car's manual. I discovered that my seating position was one click on the rack (about 1/2in) too far from the pedals and steering wheel (which couldn't be adjusted for reach), and within a week, all the pain was gone and never returned.
Similarly the setting for the lumbar support (if it has one) can make a big difference, and whether the car is used by multiple drivers - having memory seats is useful in such circumstances rather than having to either keep manually re-adjusting or accept a (bad) compromise set-up - which can be very bad if the drivers are physically very different.
With one problem solved (and this method of checking applies to any subsequent car I've driven), then it's as ORB says, being able to get a long enough time in the car when on the move (after getting the seating position right) is key.
Even the ergonomics of all the centre console area can make a difference - not having to reach or fiddle - it all adds or takes away from the quality of the driving experience.
3. A lumbering beast with a soft, but wallowy ride can be just as uncomfortable as a sporty car that 'runs on rails', just for different reasons - how you use the car, which needs to take into account the type and quality of roads you mainly drive on, must also be considered.
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