What is a dual mass flywheel?

I am not particularly mechanical so can you explain the difference between a dual mass flywheel and a standard flywheel, the advantages of using them (if any) and why they are used if they cause so many problems?

Asked on 29 September 2012 by SE, Peterborough

Answered by Honest John
This is a two-piece flywheel designed to absorb torque from the engine and prevent it from damaging the transmission, and also to reduce vibrations from common rail diesel engines inside the cabin of the car. Some are held together with compound and some are sprung.
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