The braking force is exerted through one pad, and the central part of the caliper, to which the pads and piston are attached, is free to slide laterally in the caliper carrier, allowing the second brake pad to contact the disc and extert braking effort on the opposite side of the disc.
There are usually two sliding pins attached to the central part of the caliper which slie in holes in the caliper carrier, which allows the central part of the caliper to move laterally.
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