Well - here goes:
Briefly, the PD system uses an extra lobe per cylinder on the overhead camshaft to actuate a plunger in the unit injector (PD) which pressurises the fuel. When the engine requires its precisely metered shot(s) of fuel, a solenoid (early, reliable models) valve is energised and the fuel is injected. Solenoid off - no more fuel.
Although the phase relationship of the camshaft to the crank (KW in VAG speak - Kurbel Winkle = Crank Angle) is obviously important, the crucial injection timing is derived, as it should be, from the crankshaft via a tone wheel inboard of the flywheel. It follows that as long as KW lies within a fairly generous tolerance allowed by VAG, pressurised fuel will be available for injection over the required operating map of the engine.
The camshaft wheel on the PD is adjustable relative to its hub so that KW can be set - and it can also be read electronically via the diagnostic port. It is therefore possible to see if the belt has been wrongly fitted without actually touching the engine.
If KW is in error by a small amount (from memory, about +/- 3 degrees) it can probably be corrected in-situ using the wheel slots in the camshaft wheel. If not, the belt has been fitted 1 tooth out and the job will need to be done again properly.
A PD will run 1 tooth out - but not very well.
659.
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