I used to work for a wholly owned importer - owned by the manufacturer.
Parts pricing was based largely on a basic formula.
Cost to warehouse in the UK x 5 = retail + vat.
Apart from service parts, filters etc which were priced to be more competitive.
Dealers got a discount depending on various schemes - VOR/breakdown orders got less discount - scheduled stock orders got more discount etc.
So in the case of a simple bolt as in the original post.
Bolt makers margin + car maker's margin + importers margin + dealers margin = retail +vat
That's how it ends up at £9.00 for a simple bolt!
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