Except its not a restriction, its a tax or more correctly a revenue raising charge in the same way as a parking charge. It wont magic away any cars, and pollution will remain a problem....which is what those cesspits they call cities deserve....

The "tax" will restrict the number of drivers who choose to enter city zones.

"But there must be no exclusions - all "vehicles" over the threshold should be restricted, including taxis, buses, trains - and the effect of aircraft pollution around Heathrow & Gatwick also needs to be tackled." If you follow that guide then nothing will ever happen. It needs to start somewhere and the obvious starting point is old Diesel engined cars followed by all Diesel engined cars. Commercial vehicles (trucks and busses) will need to be phased in when suitable technology exists. Aircraft will be a different proposition altogether and unlikely to be included within decades at least unless world travel is banned. Clearly the morality factor of people poisoning their children or elderly relatives with diesel emissions does not work so effective legislation and/or incentives are the only answer.

Why start with the smaller, less polluting vehicles - start with the biggest polluters - old trucks, vans, buses and taxies - then move on to cars.